Evaluation of Anti-inflammatory Potential of Vitex leucoxylon Linn. and Cissampelos pareira Linn.

Vitex leucoxylon Linn. (Verbenaceae) commonly known as Songarbhi (Marathi) an excellent herbal crude drug in the nature which has composition of the entire essential constituent that are required for normal and good health of human. Cissampelos pariera Linn. (Menispermacae) commonly known as patha (Hindi) used in the traditional system of medicine in the treatment of various disease like dysentery, diarrhea and skin disorder. Anti-inflammatory activity of the ethanolic extract of the bark of Vitex leucoxylon Linn. and leaves of the Cissampelos pariera Linn. was studied in albino wistar rats using the carrageenan induced rat paw edema model.

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Evaluation of Anti-inflammatory Potential of Vitex leucoxylon Linn. and Cissampelos pareira Linn.

Gopalakrishna B. Shukla Prabodh, Mishra Shilpi, Shukla Padmini, Mishra Ashish

Abstract

Anti-inflammatory activity of the ethanolic extract of the bark of Vitex leucoxylon Linn. and leaves of the Cissampelos pariera Linn. was studied in albino wistar rats using the carrageenan  induced rat paw edema model. The ethanolic extract of Vitex leucoxylon (500 mg/kg p.o.) and Cissampelos pariera (400 mg / kg p.o.) inhibited carrageenan induced rat paw edema. The extract was also studied for its preliminary phytochemical screening and acute toxicity studies. The result indicated that all the extract produced significant (P < 0.001) anti-inflammatory activity when compared with the standard drug indomethacin ( 10 mg/ kg p.o.) and untreated control.

Introduction

Vitex leucoxylon Linn. (Verbenaceae) commonly known as Songarbhi (Marathi) an excellent herbal crude drug in the nature which has composition of the entire essential constituent that are required for normal and good health of human. It is small to large tree with a sort thick trunk and a spreading crown and almost throughout the Deccan peninsula of India up to an altitude 900 mt., it extends northwards up to Jhansi and part of Bihar. The trees are generally found on the river bank, stream & ponds. The root and the bark are astringent and roots are used as a febrifuge. The leaves are smoked for reliving headache and catarrh and are also used for medicinal baths in fever and anemia.

Cissampelos pariera Linn. (Menispermacae) commonly known as patha (Hindi) used in the traditional system of medicine in the treatment of various disease like dysentery, diarrhea and skin disorder. The leaf juice possesses antiseptic, insecticidal and parasiticidal properties, used to check hemorrhage from cuts burns and wounds (2-3). It is a climber plant and found almost throughout India like Maharasthra, Tamilnadu, chota Nagpur, Bihar, Aravalli region and Himanchal Pradesh etc.

The purpose of the present study was therefore to evaluate the anti-inflammatory potential of Vitex leucoxylon bark extract and Cissampelos pariera leaf extract using different acute models of inflammation of rats. The extract was also studied for its acute toxicity effects and preliminary phytochemical screening.

Whole 9 pages article is available for download here.